a) Summer Treatment - Woody Weeds, Brush, Scrub, Perennial Broad-leaved Weeds
Apply by hand held lance from knapsack or vehicle-mounted sprayer as a MEDIUM spray in 200-300 litres/ha. Applications should be made evenly to all parts of the weed ie. foliage, branches and stem, at a spray pressure of 0.7-2.0 bar (see Table 1 for rates of use). When weed cover is dense the water volume should be increased to ensure adequate coverage of the weeds.

b) Winter Shoot Sprays With Diesel
Certain species including ash, buckthorn, hawthorn and oak, are more susceptible to shoot spraying in the winter than the spring. Apply medium volume by hand-lance from knapsack or vehicle-mounted sprayer 300 litres/ha of paraffin or diesel oil per hectare to thoroughly wet all shoots.

RECOMMENDED SPRAY EQUIPMENT AND NOZZLE SIZES
Use CPI5 or CP3 Knapsack sprayer (or equivalent) fitted with either;
i) ISO Light Blue DT 5.0 nozzle to give 200 litres/ha spray volume
or
ii) ISO Blue DT 1.5 nozzle to give 300 litres/ha spray volume.
Nozzles should be held at a height to give a swath width of 1.2 meters with a walking speed of 1 metre per second and at an operating speed pressure of 1 bar. Ensure foliage is completely wetted but do not spray to run-off.

SELECTOKIL SPOT GUN - SUMMER TREATMENT ONLY
Calibrate Selectokil Spot Gun by the following method for each individual operator.
1. Adjust gun to deliver a 5 ml dose.
2. Fill knapsack with 5 litres of water and mark this level (filler cap uppermost).
3. Prime gun.
4. With the nozzle held at spray height over a dry surface squeeze the trigger a number of times until a
well defined spot appears. Measure spot diameter, disregarding peripheral droplets.
5. Using Table 3 calculate, using the spot diameter determined under item 4 above and the label application rate for the particular weed, the quantity of TIMBREL required per 5 ml dose or for the 5 litres knapsack.
6. Therefore a spot diameter of 1.3 meters with an application rate of TIMBREL at 6.0 litres/ha, 0.8 ml of TIMBREL is required per 5 ml dose, or 0.8 litres per 5 litres knapsack.
7. Fill the knapsack with the herbicide mixture.
8. Check the spot diameter as in item 4 above.
9. Apply as per label recommendations.

a) Basal Bark Spray:
Apply by hand held lance in paraffin or diesel oil to the whole circumference of the bottom 30-45 cm of the stem saturating to run off. Treat the greater height of the stem where bark is thick and penetration difficult. Application during the late growing season is most effective and application in standing conifer crops should be delayed until late summer when extension growth has ceased.

b) Frill Girdling
Prepare a "frill" ie. a ring of downward sloping overlapping cuts with a light axe or bill hook penetrating the cambium and into the outer sapwood as near the ground level as is convenient just prior to herbicide application. Spray the herbicide in paraffin or diesel oil onto the full circumference of the stem just above the frill so that it runs down into the cuts. Optimum timing as for basal bark spraying.

c) Tree Injection:
Apply undiluted or in a 1:1 dilution at an injection spacing of 7.5 cm around the trunk. Use suitable tree injection equipment, according to manufacturer's instructions (eg either a Jim Gem or Hypo Hatchet) to make incisions of at least 2.5 cm width. Applications may be made at any time of year but best results follow summer or autumn treatment. Apply 1 ml undiluted or 2 ml diluted 1:1 with water.